ἄν

716 ἄν , conditional particle , which cannot usually be separately translated in English, its force depending on the constructions which contain it (see further, LS, s.v.; WM, §xlii; M, Pr. , 165 ff.; MM, VGT , s.v.). In apodosis, c. indic, impf. or aor., expressing what would be or would have been if ( εἰ c. impf., aor. or plpf.) some condition were or had been fulfilled: Lk 7:39 17:6 , Jo 5:46 , Ga 1:10 , Mt 12:7 24:43 , I Co 2:8 , Ac 18:14 , I Jo 2:19 , al. The protasis is sometimes understood (as also in cl.): Mt 25:27 , Lk 19:23 . In hypothetical sentences, expressing unreality, ἄν (as often in late writers, more rarely in cl.) is omitted: Jo 8:39 15:24 19:11, Ro 7:7 , Ga 4:15 ; c. opt., inf., ptcp. (cl.; v. LS, s.v.; M, Int. , §275; M, Pr. , 167:4). In combination with conditional, relative, temporal, and final words; as in cl., c. subj., in protasis with εἰ , in Attic contr. ἐάν , q.v.; in conditional, relative, and temporal clauses (coalescing with ὅτε, ἐπεί , etc.; v.s. ὅταν, ἐπάν , etc.), ever, soever ; c. pres., ἡνίκα , II Co 3:15 ; ὃς ἄν , Ro 9:15 (LXX) 16:2 , al.; ὅσοι ἄν , Lk 9:5 ; ὡς ἄν , Ro 15:24 (M, Pr. , 167); c. aor., ὃς ἄν , Mt 5:21 , 22 , 31 ; ἕως ἄν , until , Mt 2:13 , Mk 6:10 , al.; ὡς ἄν , as soon as (M, Pr. , 167), I Co 11:34 , Phl 2:23 . On the freq. use of ἐάν for ἄν with the foregoing words, v.s. ἐάν ; in late Gk., when some actual fact is spoken of, c. indic.: ὅταν (q.v.); ὅπου ἄν , Mk 6:56 (M, Pr. , 168); καθότι ἄν , Ac 2:45 4:35 ; ὡς ἄν , I Co 12:2 . in iterative construction, c. impf. and aor. indic. (M, Pr. , 167): Ac 2:45 4:35 , I Co 12:2 . c. optat., giving a potential sense to a question or wish: Ac 8:31 26:29 . Elliptical constructions: εἰ μή τι ἄν (M, Pr. , 169), I Co 7:5 ; ὡς ἄν , c. inf., as it were (op. cit. 167), II Co 10:9 .